SS-31
A mitochondria-targeted peptide in clinical trials for heart failure and mitochondrial diseases.
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This information is for educational purposes. Peptide therapy should be guided by a licensed healthcare provider. Connect with a Noho clinician
What is SS-31?
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a synthetic tetrapeptide that specifically targets and concentrates in mitochondrial inner membranes. It is in advanced clinical trials for heart failure and primary mitochondrial myopathy. It represents one of the most clinically advanced mitochondria-targeted therapies.
Why People Talk About It
Mitochondrial function support
EmergingHeart failure (clinical trials)
EmergingCellular energy optimization
PreliminaryAnti-aging at the mitochondrial level
PreliminaryHow It Works
SS-31 concentrates in the powerhouses of your cells (mitochondria) and helps stabilize the structures that produce cellular energy. By improving mitochondrial efficiency, it may support heart function, exercise capacity, and cellular health.
Common Questions
Safety Information
Common Side Effects
Cautions
- • Still in clinical development
- • Not yet FDA-approved
- • Available only through clinical trials or compounding
What We Don't Know
Long-term effects and optimal use parameters are still being established through ongoing clinical trials.
Published Research
32 studiesEffect of Aficamten on Health Status Outcomes in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Results From SEQUOIA-HCM
Long-term efficacy and safety of elamipretide in patients with Barth syndrome: 168-week open-label extension results of TAZPOWER
Genotype-specific effects of elamipretide in patients with primary mitochondrial myopathy: a post hoc analysis of the MMPOWER-3 trial
Elamipretide Topical Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Subjects with Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: A Randomized Trial
Identifying responders to elamipretide in Barth syndrome: Hierarchical clustering for time series data
A phase 2/3 randomized clinical trial followed by an open-label extension to evaluate the effectiveness of elamipretide in Barth syndrome, a genetic disorder of mitochondrial cardiolipin metabolism
In vivo mitochondrial ATP production is improved in older adult skeletal muscle after a single dose of elamipretide in a randomized trial
A randomized crossover trial of elamipretide in adults with primary mitochondrial myopathy
Effects of Elamipretide on Left Ventricular Function in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: The PROGRESS-HF Phase 2 Trial
The mitochondria-targeting peptide elamipretide diminishes circulating HtrA2 in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Randomized dose-escalation trial of elamipretide in adults with primary mitochondrial myopathy
Novel Mitochondria-Targeting Peptide in Heart Failure Treatment: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Elamipretide
Phase 2a Clinical Trial of Mitochondrial Protection (Elamipretide) During Stent Revascularization in Patients With Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis
Effects of Single Vs. Multiple Sets during 10 Weeks of Water-based Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Adaptations in Young Women
Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of a new 30 mg modified-release tablet formulation of metoclopramide for once-a-day administration versus 10 mg immediate-release tablets: a single and multiple-dose, randomized, open-label, parallel study in healthy male subjects
Natural history comparison study to assess the efficacy of elamipretide in patients with Barth syndrome
Potent mitochondria-targeted peptides reduce myocardial infarction in rats
Antibodies to pancreatic duct cells in Sjögren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis
Reduction of early reperfusion injury with the mitochondria-targeting peptide bendavia
Elamipretide: First Approval
Elamipretide: A Review of Its Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Therapeutic Potential
Contemporary insights into elamipretide's mitochondrial mechanism of action and therapeutic effects
Application research of novel peptide mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant SS-31 in mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction
Temporal evolution of the heart failure phenotype in Barth syndrome and treatment with elamipretide
SS-31, a Mitochondria-Targeting Peptide, Ameliorates Kidney Disease
Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction with elamipretide
Elamipretide for Barth syndrome cardiomyopathy: gradual rebuilding of a failed power grid
Mitochondrial dysfunction and beneficial effects of mitochondria-targeted small peptide SS-31 in Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's disease
Neuroprotective Effects of a Small Mitochondrially-Targeted Tetrapeptide Elamipretide in Neurodegeneration
Efficacy and Safety of Elamipretide in Individuals With Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy: The MMPOWER-3 Randomized Clinical Trial
Treatment with the mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant peptide SS-31 rescues neurovascular coupling responses and cerebrovascular endothelial function and improves cognition in aged mice
Elamipretide (SS-31) improves mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic and memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice
Always consult a qualified clinician
This information is for educational purposes. Peptide therapy should be guided by a licensed healthcare provider. Connect with a Noho clinician
Research Insights
Related Peptides
Quick Facts
- Class
- Mitochondrial Peptide
- Evidence
- Emerging
- Safety
- Moderate Data
- Updated
- Feb 2026
- Citations
- 32PubMed
Also known as
Tags
Related Goals
Evidence Score
Clinical Trials
View Clinical TrialsLinks to ClinicalTrials.gov for reference. Listing does not imply endorsement.
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