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Thymulin

A zinc-dependent thymic peptide involved in T-cell maturation, studied for immune restoration and anti-inflammatory applications.

EmergingModerate Data

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This information is for educational purposes. Peptide therapy should be guided by a licensed healthcare provider. Connect with a Noho clinician

What is Thymulin?

Thymulin is a nonapeptide (9 amino acids) produced by thymic epithelial cells. It requires zinc to be biologically active and plays a crucial role in T-cell differentiation and maturation. Thymulin levels decline with age as the thymus involutes, and supplementation is explored for immune restoration and anti-inflammatory applications.

Why People Talk About It

T-cell maturation and immune function

Moderate

Anti-inflammatory effects

Emerging

Immune system restoration in aging

Emerging

Zinc-dependent immune support

Emerging

How It Works

Thymulin helps train your immune cells (T-cells) to work properly. It needs zinc to function, which is why zinc deficiency can weaken your immune system. As we age, thymulin production drops, potentially contributing to immune decline.

Common Questions

Safety Information

Important Safety Notes

Common Side Effects

Generally well-toleratedMild immune activation symptoms

Cautions

  • Requires adequate zinc status
  • Not widely available commercially
  • Limited standardized formulations

What We Don't Know

Optimal dosing, zinc co-supplementation requirements, and long-term effects of exogenous thymulin are not well-established.

Published Research

32 studies

Prenatal and childhood exposures are associated with thymulin concentrations in young adolescent children in rural Nepal

Randomized Controlled TrialPMID: 31475652

Effects of zinc-fortified drinking skim milk (as functional food) on cytokine release and thymic hormone activity in very old persons: a pilot study

Randomized Controlled TrialPMID: 24771015

Benefit of oral zinc supplementation as an adjunct to zidovudine (AZT) therapy against opportunistic infections in AIDS

Randomized Controlled TrialPMID: 8582783

Zinc supplementation restores plasma concentrations of zinc and thymulin in patients with Crohn's disease

Randomized Controlled TrialPMID: 8364132

Melatonin is responsible for the nocturnal increase observed in serum and thymus of thymosin alpha1 and thymulin concentrations: observations in rats and humans

Clinical TrialPMID: 10696913

A trial of zinc supplementation in young rural Gambian children

Clinical TrialPMID: 8457531

Modulation of the neuroendocrine system and immune functions by zinc supplementation in children with Down's syndrome

Clinical TrialPMID: 8019155

Serum thymulin in human zinc deficiency

Clinical TrialPMID: 3262625

Peripheral and mesencephalic transfer of a synthetic gene for the thymic peptide thymulin

Comparative StudyPMID: 16716832

Potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of a novel thymulin-related peptide in the rat

Comparative StudyPMID: 12110619

Effects of growth hormone and thyroxine on thymulin secretion in aging rats

Comparative StudyPMID: 8255394

Relationship between a spleen-derived immunosuppressive peptide 'SDIP' and the 'Facteur thymique sérique' (FTS): biochemical and biological comparison of the two factors

Comparative StudyPMID: 6682089

Generation of a monoclonal antibody against facteur thymique serique (FTS)

Comparative StudyPMID: 7044627

New insight into lymphocytic chalone research. The 'facteur thymique Sérique' might be responsible for part of the immunosuppressive activity detected in the 'chalone fraction'

Comparative StudyPMID: 6212552

Targeting inflammatory components in neuropathic pain: The analgesic effect of thymulin related peptide

ReviewPMID: 30503917

Targeting neuroinflammation for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative pathologies: a role for the peptide analogue of thymulin (PAT)

ReviewPMID: 22861065

Immunomodulatory role of thymulin in lung diseases

ReviewPMID: 20055713

Role of thymulin or its analogue as a new analgesic molecule

ReviewPMID: 17192563

Thymulin and the neuroendocrine system

ReviewPMID: 15003367

Cytokine-mediated or direct effects of thymulin on the nervous system as assessed by pain-related behavior

ReviewPMID: 9876233

Biochemical and biological aspects of the interaction between thymulin and zinc

ReviewPMID: 7681212

Physiology and therapeutic potential of the thymic peptide thymulin

ReviewPMID: 24588820

Thymulin, a zinc-dependent hormone

ReviewPMID: 2657247

The thymus-neuroendocrine axis: physiology, molecular biology, and therapeutic potential of the thymic peptide thymulin

ReviewPMID: 19236333

Protective effect of exogenous peroxiredoxin 6 and thymic peptide thymulin on BBB conditions in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis

PreclinicalPMID: 37633587

Thymulin and peroxiredoxin 6 have protective effects against streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in mice

PreclinicalPMID: 33779346

Nanoparticle-based thymulin gene therapy therapeutically reverses key pathology of experimental allergic asthma

PreclinicalPMID: 32577505

Thymulin treatment attenuates inflammatory pain by modulating spinal cellular and molecular signaling pathways

PreclinicalPMID: 30851702

Thymulin, free or bound to PBCA nanoparticles, protects mice against chronic septic inflammation

PreclinicalPMID: 29795607

A new adenovector system for implementing thymulin gene therapy for inflammatory disorders

PreclinicalPMID: 28501652

Extrathymic production of thymulin induced by oxidative stress, heat shock, apoptosis, or necrosis

PreclinicalPMID: 28281875

Studies on the zinc binding site to the serum thymic factor

PreclinicalPMID: 6538097

Always consult a qualified clinician

This information is for educational purposes. Peptide therapy should be guided by a licensed healthcare provider. Connect with a Noho clinician

Research Insights

Related Peptides

Quick Facts

Class
Thymic Peptide
Evidence
Emerging
Safety
Moderate Data
Updated
Feb 2026
Citations
32PubMed

Also known as

Facteur Thymique SeriqueFTSZinc-Thymulin

Tags

Immune SupportAnti-InflammatoryThymicZinc-Dependent

Related Goals

Evidence Score

Overall Confidence50%

Clinical Trials

View Clinical Trials

Links to ClinicalTrials.gov for reference. Listing does not imply endorsement.

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